Uses and potentialities of the Brazilian marine space: economic, socio-environmental and strategic perspectives

Abstract

Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) has been consolidated as a fundamental instrument for the territorial planning of oceanic spaces, especially in the face of the growth of economic, social and environmental pressures on marine environments. This article, based on research developed in the Master's Degree in Geography, aims to analyze the main uses and potentialities of the Brazilian marine space, with emphasis on the Blue Amazon, discussing the challenges and possibilities for an integrated, sustainable and participatory management of this territory. From a literature review and documentary analysis, the legal and institutional frameworks of the PEM in Brazil, the subjects involved in the decision-making processes and the different economic sectors that dispute this space, such as the oil and gas industry, mining, fishing, tourism, renewable energy generation and maritime transport, are addressed. The research points out that, although Brazil has advanced in the institutionalization of the PEM, significant obstacles persist related to governance, the integration of public policies and the inclusion of traditional communities in participatory processes. It is concluded that the development of an effective marine planning requires the strengthening of intersectoral articulation, investment in ocean science and technology and the valorization of local knowledge. Such actions are essential to ensure national sovereignty over the Blue Amazon and promote a more equitable and sustainable use of the Brazilian marine space.